Asset Forfeiture as an Instrument for Recovering State Losses: Implications for Combating Corruption in Indonesia
(Perampasan Aset sebagai Instrumen Pemulihan Kerugian Negara: Implikasi dalam Pemberantasan Tindak Pidana Korupsi di Indonesia)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12026/sym.v1i1.124Keywords:
Asset Forfeiture, Corruption, State Loss Recovery, Criminal LawAbstract
This study aims to analyze asset forfeiture as an instrument for recovering state losses and its implications in combating corruption in Indonesia. The research employs a normative juridical method using statutory and conceptual approaches. Data sources consist of primary legal materials in the form of laws and international instruments, as well as secondary legal materials including books, academic journals, and official institutional reports. Data were collected through library research and analyzed qualitatively using a descriptive analytical approach. The findings indicate that asset forfeiture within the Indonesian criminal law system remains ineffective because it is positioned as an additional sanction dependent on final criminal convictions. This condition contributes to the low level of state asset recovery. The study shows that asset forfeiture has strategic implications in eliminating the economic benefits of corruption and strengthening the effectiveness of anti corruption efforts.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perampasan aset sebagai instrumen pemulihan kerugian negara dan implikasinya dalam pemberantasan tindak pidana korupsi di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian hukum yuridis normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan dan konseptual. Sumber data meliputi bahan hukum primer berupa peraturan perundang-undangan dan instrumen internasional, serta bahan hukum sekunder berupa buku, jurnal ilmiah, dan laporan lembaga resmi. Data dikumpulkan melalui studi kepustakaan dan dianalisis secara kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perampasan aset dalam sistem hukum pidana Indonesia masih belum optimal karena diposisikan sebagai pidana tambahan yang bergantung pada putusan pidana berkekuatan hukum tetap. Kondisi ini berdampak pada rendahnya tingkat pemulihan kerugian negara. Penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa perampasan aset memiliki implikasi strategis dalam menghilangkan keuntungan ekonomi pelaku korupsi dan memperkuat efektivitas pemberantasan korupsi.
References
Achmad Aulia, A. “Disruption in Corruption Eradication in Indonesia.” Public Integrity 27, no. 6 (November 2, 2025): 736–57. https://doi.org/10.1080/10999922.2025.2455757.
Agustina, Mela, Nurfadilah Dwinanda Pertiwi, Angelica Angelica, Waluyadi Waluyadi, and Ari Nurhaqi. “The Urgency of the Asset Confiscation Law in on Effort to Restore State Losses Due to Corruption.” Journal of World Science 4, no. 5 (May 31, 2025): 490–502. https://doi.org/10.58344/jws.v4i5.1409.
Ali, Zainuddin. Metode Penelitian Hukum. Sinar Grafika, 2021.
Andini, Orin Gusta, and Muhammad Riyan Kachfi Boer. “Indonesia’s Safeguarding of Human Rights to Achieve Sustainable Development Goals: Insights from Australia’s Experience.” Journal of Sustainable Development and Regulatory Issues (JSDERI) 3, no. 1 (January 28, 2025): 1–28. https://doi.org/10.53955/jsderi.v3i1.53.
Anugrah Nasution, Adhitya, and Riswadi Riswadi. “Legal Reconstruction of Non-Conviction-Based Asset Forfeiture for State Loss Recovery from Corruption Crimes.” Return : Study of Management, Economic and Bussines 3, no. 11 (November 23, 2024): 871–80. https://doi.org/10.57096/return.v3i11.293.
Boucht, Johan. “Asset Confiscation in Europe – Past, Present, and Future Challenges.” Journal of Financial Crime 26, no. 2 (April 1, 2019): 526–48. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-04-2018-0043.
Esoimeme, Ehi Eric. “Institutionalising the War against Corruption: New Approaches to Assets Tracing and Recovery.” Journal of Financial Crime 27, no. 1 (January 2, 2020): 217–30. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-12-2018-0125.
Hufron, Hufron, and Sultoni Fikri. “The Urgency of Regulating Forfeiture of Assets Gained from Corruption in Indonesia.” Legality : Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum 32, no. 2 (August 24, 2024): 292–310. https://doi.org/10.22219/ljih.v32i2.35243.
Ireland, David. “Deterring Corruption Through Asset Seizure: The Latest in Unexplained Wealth Orders.” In Grand Corruption, 193–207. Routledge, 2024.
Kamchatov, Kirill V., Andrey A. Timoshenko, Ekaterina Yu. Kamchatova, and Olga V. Buzu. “Effective Management of Seized and Confiscated Assets as a Condition for Providing Victims with Access to Justice and Fairness of Procedures Used in Criminal Proceedings: International and Russian Experience,” 2021. https://doi.org/10.2991/assehr.k.210225.029.
Lantara, I Wayan Nuka. “Understanding Attitudes Toward Corruption in Indonesia: Regional Disparities and the Role of Education.” International Journal of Asia Pacific Studies 21, no. 2 (2025): 1–25. https://doi.org/10.21315/ijaps2025.21.2.1.
Lindasari, Lindasari. “Asset Forfeiture As An Instrument In Fighting Corruption.” Corruptio 5, no. 2 (February 10, 2025): 83–90. https://doi.org/10.25041/corruptio.v5i2.3724.
Lukito, Anastasia Suhartati. “Revealing the Unexplained Wealth in Indonesian Corporation.” Journal of Financial Crime 27, no. 1 (December 21, 2019): 29–42. https://doi.org/10.1108/JFC-11-2018-0116.
Pemerintah Pusat Indonesia. Undang-undang (UU) Nomor 1 Tahun 2023 tentang Kitab Undang-Undang Hukum Pidana (2023).
———. Undang-undang (UU) Nomor 7 Tahun 2006 tentang Pengesahan United Nations Convention Against Corruption, 2003 (Konvensi Perserikatan Bangsa-Bangsa Anti Korupsi, 2003) (2006).
Pongkor, Dionysius Yasmin. “Non-Conviction-Based (NCB) Asset Forfeiture Concept from a Legal and Human Rights Perspective.” The International Journal of Politics and Sociology Research 13, no. 3 (December 30, 2025): 62–70. https://doi.org/10.35335/ijopsor.v13i3.311.
Pratiwi, Nahya Yuliani, Gita Astrianingsih, Farhah Novia Sabrina Maharani, Nurfadilla Alya Kirani, Rifa Anggraeni, and Anis Kusuma Wardani Widodo. “Trends in Corruption Reporting in State-Owned Enterprises and Ministry Institutions in Indonesia 2020-2024.” Jurnal Multidisiplin Indonesia 4, no. 4 (December 22, 2025): 252–67. https://doi.org/10.58344/jmi.v4i4.2521.
Suramin, Suramin. “Indonesian Anti-Corruption Law Enforcement: Current Problems and Challenges.” Journal of Law and Legal Reform 2, no. 2 (April 30, 2021): 225–42. https://doi.org/10.15294/jllr.v2i2.46612.
Trinchera, Tommaso. “Confiscation And Asset Recovery: Better Tools To Fight Bribery And Corruption Crime.” Criminal Law Forum 31, no. 1 (March 27, 2020): 49–79. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10609-020-09382-1.
United Nations Convention Against Corruption (UNCAC) (2003).
Zaid, M, Rabani M Halawa, Kartika Asmanda Putri, Fadhel Arjuna Adinda, and Lamberton Cait. “Eradicating Public Official Corruption Indonesia: A Revolutionary Paradigm Focusing on State Financial Losses.” Wacana Hukum 29, no. 2 (October 31, 2023): 87–111.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2026 Nanda Puspitasari Wardoyo, Aris Prio Agus Santoso (Author)
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
You are free to:
- Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercial purposes.
- Adaptation — mixing, changing, and developing materials for any purpose, even commercial ones.
Under the following terms:
- Attribution — You must give appropriate credit , provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made . You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.
- ShareAlike — If you remix, transform, or build upon the material, you must distribute your contributions under the same license as the original.
- No additional restrictions — You may not apply legal terms or technological measures that legally restrict others from doing anything the license permits.
