Adolescent Drug Abuse in Indonesia: A Criminological Analysis of Legal and Rehabilitative Approaches
(Penyalahgunaan Narkotika pada Remaja di Indonesia: Analisis Kriminologis terhadap Pendekatan Hukum dan Rehabilitasi)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12026/sym.v1i1.122Keywords:
Adolescents, Criminology, Drug Abuse, Legal Policy, Restorative JusticeAbstract
This study aims to analyze the forms and characteristics of drug abuse among adolescents in Indonesia and to examine the effectiveness of legal policies and rehabilitative approaches in addressing this issue. The research employs a library research method using secondary data sources, including laws and regulations, scientific journal articles, criminology books, and official reports from relevant institutions. The collected data are analyzed descriptively to understand the relationship between legal norms, social conditions, and adolescent behavior related to drug abuse. The results show that drug abuse among adolescents is influenced by a combination of psychological vulnerability, peer environment, family conditions, and weak social control. The findings also indicate that legal policies which rely heavily on repressive measures are less effective when not accompanied by rehabilitative and restorative approaches. Rehabilitative strategies that involve families, schools, and communities are more effective in supporting behavioral change and social reintegration. Therefore, this study emphasizes the importance of integrating legal, social, and rehabilitative perspectives to create more humane and sustainable policies for preventing and addressing drug abuse among adolescents.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk dan karakteristik penyalahgunaan narkoba di kalangan remaja di Indonesia serta mengevaluasi efektivitas kebijakan hukum dan pendekatan rehabilitatif dalam menangani masalah ini. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian perpustakaan dengan memanfaatkan sumber data sekunder, termasuk undang-undang dan peraturan, artikel jurnal ilmiah, buku kriminologi, serta laporan resmi dari lembaga terkait. Data yang dikumpulkan dianalisis secara deskriptif untuk memahami hubungan antara norma hukum, kondisi sosial, dan perilaku remaja terkait penyalahgunaan narkoba. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penyalahgunaan narkoba di kalangan remaja dipengaruhi oleh kombinasi kerentanan psikologis, lingkungan teman sebaya, kondisi keluarga, dan kontrol sosial yang lemah. Temuan juga menunjukkan bahwa kebijakan hukum yang mengandalkan tindakan represif kurang efektif jika tidak disertai dengan pendekatan rehabilitatif dan restoratif. Strategi rehabilitatif yang melibatkan keluarga, sekolah, dan masyarakat lebih efektif dalam mendukung perubahan perilaku dan reintegrasi sosial. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini menekankan pentingnya mengintegrasikan perspektif hukum, sosial, dan rehabilitatif untuk menciptakan kebijakan yang lebih manusiawi dan berkelanjutan dalam mencegah dan menangani penyalahgunaan narkoba di kalangan remaja.
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