From Social Pragmatism to Linguistic Semantics: A Comparative Theo-Linguistic Study of Ḥaqīqah–Majāz in Hamka and M. Quraish Shihab’s Interpretation of QS. Al-Mā’idah: 6
(Dari Pragmatisme Sosial Menuju Semantik Linguistik: Studi Komparatif Teo-Linguistik tentang Ḥaqīqah–Majāz dalam Penafsiran Hamka dan M. Quraish Shihab terhadap QS. Al-Mā’idah: 6)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20625/theosyn.v2i1.209Keywords:
Ḥaqīqah, Majāz, Lāmastumu an-Nisā', Hamka, Quraish ShihabAbstract
The development of digital literacy requires Tafsir and Fiqh education to move beyond a mere focus on legal outcomes toward an understanding of the linguistic processes that produce the diversity of ijtihād. This study aims to comparatively examine the theo-linguistic epistemology of Buya Hamka and M. Quraish Shihab in applying the concept of ḥaqīqah–majāz to the phrase aw lāmastumu al-nisā’ in QS. Al-Mā’idah verse 6 and its implications for Islamic education. This study employed a library research method using a qualitative-descriptive and comparative approach through content analysis of Tafsir Al-Azhar and Tafsir Al-Mishbah. The findings reveal that both exegetes acknowledge majāz as an instrument of Qur’anic interpretation, yet they employ different epistemological pathways. Hamka adopts a socio-pragmatic approach emphasizing legal flexibility based on social realities and the principle of taysīr, whereas Quraish Shihab employs a linguistic-semantic approach grounded in morphological analysis and balāghah. The integration of both approaches contributes to the development of more critical, moderate, and linguistically grounded Tafsir and Fiqh education.
Abstrak
Perkembangan literasi digital menuntut pembelajaran Tafsir dan Fikih tidak hanya berorientasi pada produk hukum, tetapi juga pada pemahaman terhadap proses linguistik yang melahirkan keragaman ijtihad. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji secara komparatif epistemologi teo-linguistik Buya Hamka dan M. Quraish Shihab dalam menerapkan konsep ḥaqīqah–majāz pada frasa aw lāmastumu an-nisā’ dalam QS. Al-Mā’idah ayat 6 serta implikasinya terhadap Pendidikan Islam. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode library research dengan pendekatan kualitatif-deskriptif dan studi komparatif melalui analisis isi terhadap Tafsir Al-Azhar dan Tafsir Al-Mishbah. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kedua mufasir sama-sama mengakui keberadaan majāz sebagai instrumen penafsiran Al-Qur’an, tetapi memiliki jalur epistemologis yang berbeda. Hamka menggunakan pendekatan sosial-pragmatis dengan menekankan fleksibilitas hukum berdasarkan realitas masyarakat dan prinsip taysīr, sedangkan Quraish Shihab menggunakan pendekatan linguistik-semantik yang bertumpu pada analisis morfologi dan balāghah. Integrasi kedua pendekatan tersebut berkontribusi terhadap pengembangan pembelajaran Tafsir dan Fikih yang lebih kritis, moderat, dan berbasis nalar kebahasaan.
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