The Qur’an and Arab Cultural Transformation: A Dialectical Study on Women in Pre-Islamic Society
(Al-Qur'an dan Transformasi Budaya Arab: Studi Dialektis tentang Peran Perempuan dalam Masyarakat Pra-Islam)
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.20625/theosyn.v1i4.013Keywords:
Culture, Pre-Islamic Arabia, Qur’anic Dialectic, Tradition, WomenAbstract
The Qur’an was revealed in a social context heavily influenced by patriarchal traditions and gender inequality. This research explores how divine revelation responded to these traditions thru three main approaches: abrogation (tahrīm), alteration (taghyīr), and preservation (tahmīl). Thru a historical approach and textual analysis of key verses such as Surah An-Nisa: 3, Surah An-Nahl: 58-59, and Surah Al-Baqarah: 228, it was found that the Qur’an gradually abolished practices such as female infanticide, modified traditions of polygamy and inheritance, and perfected cultural values that align with the principles of monotheism and justice. This finding confirms that the Qur’an is not only a normative text, but also an agent of social transformation that interacts critically with culture. This research contributes to a more contextual understanding of the relationship between sacred texts and culture, and opens up space for comparative studies on women and culture outside the Arab world.
Bahasa Indonesia
Al-Qur’an diturunkan dalam kondisi sosial yang kental dengan tradisi patriarkal dan ketimpangan gender. Penelitian ini menelusuri bagaimana wahyu ilahi merespons tradisi-tradisi tersebut melalui tiga pendekatan utama: penghapusan (tahrīm), perubahan (taghyīr), dan pelestarian (tahmīl). Dengan pendekatan historis dan analisis tekstual terhadap ayat-ayat kunci seperti Surah An-Nisa: 3, Surah An-Nahl: 58-59, dan Surah Al-Baqarah: 228, ditemukan bahwa Al-Qur’an secara bertahap menghapus praktik seperti penguburan bayi perempuan, memodifikasi tradisi poligami dan waris, serta menyempurnakan nilai-nilai budaya yang sesuai dengan prinsip tauhid dan keadilan. Temuan ini menegaskan bahwa Al-Qur’an bukan hanya teks normatif, tetapi juga agen transformasi sosial yang berinteraksi kritis dengan budaya. Penelitian ini berkontribusi pada pemahaman yang lebih kontekstual terhadap relasi teks suci dan budaya, serta membuka ruang untuk studi komparatif dalam isu perempuan dan budaya di luar Arab.
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