Maintaining Neutrality amid Rivalry: An Analysis of Indonesia’s Foreign Policy in the ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific (AOIP)
(Menjaga Netralitas di Tengah Rivalitas: Analisis Kebijakan Luar Negeri Indonesia dalam ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific (AOIP))
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.12026/sym.v1i1.110Keywords:
ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific (AOIP), Independent and Active, Indonesian Foreign Policy, Rational Actor ModelAbstract
This study aims to analyze the application of the Rational Actor Model (RAM) in Indonesia’s foreign policy through the ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific (AOIP) as a strategic response to the growing geopolitical rivalry between the United States and China. Employing a qualitative approach, the research utilizes primary data from the official AOIP (2019) document, statements from Indonesia’s Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and interviews cited in the FPCI (2023) report, complemented by secondary sources from academic journals and policy studies by RSIS and ISEAS. The findings indicate that AOIP represents Indonesia’s rational decision to advance its strategic interests while maintaining the “Independent and Active” foreign policy principle. The AOIP has effectively preserved ASEAN unity, reinforced regional centrality, and positioned Indonesia as a middle power that emphasizes inclusive diplomacy, institutional cooperation, and strategic balance amid great-power competition.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis penerapan Rational Actor Model (RAM) dalam kebijakan luar negeri Indonesia melalui ASEAN Outlook on the Indo-Pacific (AOIP) sebagai respons terhadap rivalitas geopolitik antara Amerika Serikat dan Tiongkok di kawasan Indo-Pasifik. Menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif, penelitian ini memanfaatkan data primer dari dokumen resmi AOIP (2019), pernyataan kebijakan Kementerian Luar Negeri RI, serta wawancara dalam laporan FPCI (2023), dan data sekunder dari jurnal akademik serta laporan lembaga seperti RSIS dan ISEAS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa AOIP merupakan langkah rasional Indonesia untuk memaksimalkan kepentingan strategisnya sekaligus mempertahankan prinsip “Bebas Aktif” dalam konteks geopolitik global. AOIP berperan penting dalam menjaga kesatuan ASEAN, memperkuat sentralitas regional, dan menegaskan posisi Indonesia sebagai middle power yang mengutamakan diplomasi inklusif, kerja sama institusional, dan keseimbangan kepentingan di tengah rivalitas kekuatan besar.
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