Legal Accountability and Bureaucratic Integrity in Indonesia’s Civil Service Reform
(Akuntabilitas Hukum dan Integritas Birokrasi dalam Reformasi Aparatur Sipil Negara di Indonesia)
Keywords:
Legal Accountability, Bureaucratic Integrity, Civil Service Reform, Discipline, IndonesiaAbstract
The enactment of Law No. 20 of 2023 marks a significant shift in Indonesia’s civil service reform, particularly in strengthening legal accountability and bureaucratic integrity. This study employs a normative legal approach, combining statutory, conceptual, and case analyses to examine the legal responsibilities of civil servants in upholding integrity and discipline. The findings reveal that the core value “BerAKHLAK” has evolved from a moral principle into a legally binding standard that influences performance evaluations, career advancement, and administrative sanctions. The study also highlights persistent challenges, including inconsistent enforcement of disciplinary measures, weak regional oversight, and the influence of organizational culture and political dynamics on bureaucratic behavior. Furthermore, the research underscores the importance of harmonizing legal norms with institutional practices to ensure effective implementation. Strengthening oversight mechanisms, legal clarity, and integrity-based governance is essential to achieving a professional, accountable, and politically neutral civil service system in Indonesia.
Abstrak
Pemberlakuan Undang-Undang Nomor 20 Tahun 2023 menandai perubahan signifikan dalam reformasi aparatur sipil negara di Indonesia, khususnya dalam memperkuat akuntabilitas hukum dan integritas birokrasi. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode hukum normatif dengan pendekatan perundang-undangan, konseptual, dan studi kasus untuk menganalisis tanggung jawab hukum aparatur sipil negara dalam menegakkan integritas dan disiplin. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai dasar “BerAKHLAK” telah berkembang dari prinsip moral menjadi norma hukum yang mengikat dalam penilaian kinerja, pengembangan karier, dan pemberian sanksi administratif. Penelitian ini juga mengidentifikasi berbagai tantangan, seperti ketidakkonsistenan dalam penegakan sanksi, lemahnya pengawasan di tingkat daerah, serta pengaruh budaya organisasi dan dinamika politik terhadap perilaku birokrasi. Oleh karena itu, harmonisasi antara norma hukum dan praktik kelembagaan menjadi kunci efektivitas implementasi. Penguatan sistem pengawasan, kejelasan hukum, dan tata kelola berbasis integritas diperlukan untuk mewujudkan birokrasi yang profesional, akuntabel, dan netral secara politik.
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