The Qur’anic Critique of Income Distribution in the Capitalist System: A Thematic Interpretation Study of Sayyid Quthb's Perspective on Economic Verses
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.1234/7bec2308Keywords:
Income Distribution, Capitalism, Qur’anic Economics, Sayyid QuthbAbstract
Capitalism creates significant income inequality, where wealth concentrates among capital owners while workers face exploitation through surplus value extraction. The Qur’an, particularly in Surah Al-Hashr verse 7, emphasizes equitable wealth distribution to prevent circulation solely among the rich. This research analyzes the Qur’anic critique of income distribution in the capitalist system through Sayyid Quthb’s interpretation. Using qualitative methodology and Sayyid Quthb’s Fi Dzilal Al-Qur’an as primary source, this study reveals that Islamic economic principles of justice, solidarity, and collective responsibility through zakat, infaq, and sadaqah mechanisms offer alternatives to capitalist inequalities. The findings demonstrate that Qur’anic economic ethics prioritize social welfare over individual profit maximization, providing theoretical foundations for more equitable economic systems.
Bahasa Indonesia
Kapitalisme menciptakan ketimpangan pendapatan yang signifikan, di mana kekayaan terkonsentrasi di antara pemilik modal sementara pekerja menghadapi eksploitasi melalui ekstraksi nilai lebih. Al-Qur'an, khususnya dalam Surah Al-Hashr ayat 7, menekankan distribusi kekayaan yang adil untuk mencegah sirkulasi hanya di antara orang kaya. Penelitian ini menganalisis kritik Al-Qur'an terhadap distribusi pendapatan dalam sistem kapitalis melalui interpretasi Sayyid Quthb. Dengan menggunakan metodologi kualitatif dan Fi Dzilal Al-Qur’an Sayyid Quthb sebagai sumber utama, penelitian ini mengungkapkan bahwa prinsip-prinsip ekonomi Islam tentang keadilan, solidaritas, dan tanggung jawab kolektif melalui mekanisme zakat, infaq, dan sadaqah menawarkan alternatif terhadap ketidaksetaraan kapitalis. Temuan menunjukkan bahwa etika ekonomi Al-Qur'an memprioritaskan kesejahteraan sosial daripada memaksimalkan keuntungan individu, memberikan landasan teoritis untuk sistem ekonomi yang lebih adil.
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